THE SCENARIO OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
The Bipedalism Impasse of Evolution
Apart from the fossil record that we have dealt with so far, unbridgeable
anatomical gaps between men and apes also invalidate the fiction
of human evolution. One of these has to do with the manner of walking.
Human beings walk upright on two feet. This is a very special form
of locomotion not seen in any other mammalian species. Some other
animals do have a limited ability to move when they stand on their
two hind feet. Animals like bears and monkeys can move in this way
only rarely, such as when they want to reach a source of food, and
even then only for a short time. Normally, their skeletons lean
forward and they walk on all fours.
Well, then, has bipedalism evolved from the quadrupedal gait of
apes, as evolutionists claim?
Of course not. Research has shown that the evolution of bipedalism
never occurred, nor is it possible for it to have done so. First
of all, bipedalism is not an evolutionary advantage. The way in
which monkeys move is much easier, faster, and more efficient than
man's bipedal stride. Man can neither move by jumping from tree
to tree without descending to the ground, like a chimpanzee, nor
run at a speed of 125 km per hour, like a cheetah. On the contrary,
since man walks on two feet, he moves much more slowly on the ground.
For the same reason, he is one of the most unprotected of all species
in nature in terms of movement and defence. According to the logic
of the theory of evolution, monkeys should not have evolved to
adopt a bipedal stride; humans should instead have evolved to become
quadrupedal.
Another impasse of the evolutionary claim is
that bipedalism does not serve the "gradual development" model of
Darwinism. This model, which constitutes the basis of evolution,
requires that there should be a "compound" stride between bipedalism
and quadrupedalism. However, with the computerised research he conducted
in 1996, the English paleoanthropologist Robin Crompton, showed
that such a "compound" stride was not possible. Crompton reached
the following conclusion: A living being can either walk upright,
or on all fours.98 A type of stride between the
two is impossible because it would involve excessive energy consumption.
This is why a half-bipedal being cannot exist.
The immense gap between man and ape is not limited solely to bipedalism.
Many other issues still remain unexplained, such as brain capacity,
the ability to talk, and so on. Elaine Morgan, an evolutionist paleoanthropologist,
makes the following confession in relation to this matter:
Four of the most outstanding mysteries about humans are: 1) why
do they walk on two legs? 2) why have they lost their fur? 3)
why have they developed such large brains? 4) why did they learn
to speak?
The orthodox answers to these
questions are: 1) 'We do not yet know'; 2) 'We do not yet know';
3) 'We do not yet know'; 4) 'We do not yet know'. The list of questions
could be considerably lengthened without affecting the monotony
of the answers.99
Evolution: An Unscientific Faith
Recent researches reveal that it is
impossible for the bent ape skeleton fit for quadripedal stride
to evolve into upright human skeleton fit for bipedal stride.
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Lord Solly Zuckerman is one of the most famous and respected scientists
in the United Kingdom. For years, he studied the fossil record and
conducted many detailed investigations. He was elevated to the peerage
for his contributions to science. Zuckerman is an evolutionist. Therefore,
his comments on evolution can not be regarded as ignorant or prejudiced.
After years of research on the fossils included in the human evolution
scenario however, he reached the conclusion that there is no truth
to the family tree in that is put forward. Zuckerman also
advanced an interesting concept of the "spectrum of the sciences",
ranging from those he considered scientific to those he considered
unscientific. According to Zuckerman's spectrum, the most "scientific"-that
is, depending on concrete data-fields are chemistry and physics.
After them come the biological sciences and then the social sciences.
At the far end of the spectrum, which is the part considered to
be most "unscientific", are "extra-sensory perception"-concepts
such as telepathy and the "sixth sense"-and finally "human evolution".
Zuckerman explains his reasoning as follows:
We then move right off
the register of objective truth into those fields of presumed
biological science, like extrasensory perception or the interpretation
of man's fossil history, where to the faithful anything is possible
- and where the ardent believer is sometimes able to believe several
contradictory things at the same time.100
Robert Locke, the editor of Discovering Archeology, an important
publication on the origins of man, writes in that journal, "The
search for human ancestors gives more heat than light", quoting
the confession of the famous evolutionist paleoantropologist Tim
White:
We're all frustrated by
"all the questions we haven't been able to answer."101
Locke's article reviews the impasse of the theory of evolution
on the origins of man and the groundlessness of the propaganda spread
about this subject:
Perhaps no area of science
is more contentious than the search for human origins. Elite paleontologists
disagree over even the most basic outlines of the human family
tree. New branches grow amid great fanfare, only to wither and
die in the face of new fossil finds.102
The same fact was also recently accepted by Henry Gee, the editor
of the well-known journal Nature. In his book In Search of Deep
Time, published in 1999, Gee points out that all the evidence for
human evolution "between about 10 and 5 million years ago-several
thousand generations of living creatures-can be fitted into a small
box." He concludes that conventional theories of the origin and
development of human beings are "a completely human invention created
after the fact, shaped to accord with human prejudices" and adds:
To take a line of fossils
and claim that they represent a lineage is not a scientific hypothesis
that can be tested, but an assertion that carries the same validity
as bedtime story-amusing, perhaps even instructive, but not scientific.103
What, then, is the reason that make so many scientists so tenacious
about this dogma? Why have they been trying so hard to keep their
theory alive, at the cost of having to admit countless conflicts
and discarding the evidence they have found?
The only answer is their being afraid of the fact they will have
to face in case of abandoning the theory of evolution. The fact
they will have to face when they abandon evolution is that man has
been created by God. However, considering the presuppositions they
have and the materialistic philosophy they believe in, creation
is an unacceptable concept for evolutionists.
For this reason, they deceive themselves, as well as the world,
by using the media with which they co-operate. If they cannot find
the necessary fossils, they "fabricate" them either in the form
of imaginary pictures or fictitious models and try to give the impression
that there indeed exist fossils verifying evolution. A part of mass
media who share their materialistic point of view also try to deceive
the public and instil the story of evolution in people's subconscious.
No matter how hard they try, the truth is evident: Man has come
into existence not through an evolutionary process but by God's
creation. Therefore, he is responsible to Him.
  
98 Ruth Henke, "Aufrecht
aus den Baumen", Focus, Vol 39, 1996, p. 178.
99 Elaine Morgan, The Scars of Evolution, New York:
Oxford University Press, 1994, p. 5. 
100 Solly Zuckerman, Beyond The Ivory Tower, New
York: Toplinger Publications, 1970, p. 19.
101 Robert Locke, "Family Fights" Discovering
Archaeology, July/August 1999, p. 36-39.
102 Ibid.
103 Henry Gee, In Search of Time: Beyond the Fossil
Record to a New History of Life, New York, The Free Press, 1999,
p. 126-127. |